Objective To achieve precise landing control under complex sea conditions and ship wake interference, this study proposes an RHC-TVLQG-AR algorithm (receding horizon control-time varying linear quadratic Gaussian-autoregressive model).

Method Based on the concept of receding horizon control (RHC), the landing control problem is transformed into a tracking control problem within the receding horizon. At each time step, an autoregressive model is used to accurately predict the trajectory of the desired landing point online. This predicted trajectory of the ideal landing point is then incorporated into the guidance law of the carrier-based aircraft during the current time window. Then, the control signal corresponding to the first time step of the solved control sequence is applied as the control input to the carrier-based aircraft, thereby updating its state to the next time step. The time window shifts backward by one step, and the initial state is updated accordingly. The tracking control problem in the current time window is then solved using the same procedure as in the previous time window. By iteratively shifting the time window backward, precise landing control of the carrier-based aircraft is finally achieved in a step-by-step manner.

Results According to the landing simulation results for the carrier-based aircraft under various initial and sea conditions, the deviation between the touchdown point and the ideal landing point using the proposed algorithm remains within 3.57 m. Compared to the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) method, this approach achieves higher tracking accuracy, faster tracking speed and better flexibility.

Conclusion The algorithm can realize precise landing control while satisfying input constraints under complex sea conditions.