杨碧野, 黄志刚, 刘宁, 等. 船舶舷侧与小型冰山碰撞数值模拟分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2021, 16(5): 78–86. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.02220
引用本文: 杨碧野, 黄志刚, 刘宁, 等. 船舶舷侧与小型冰山碰撞数值模拟分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2021, 16(5): 78–86. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.02220
YANG B Y, HUANG Z G, LIU N, et al. Numerical simulation analysis of the collision between ship side and small iceberg[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2021, 16(5): 78–86. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.02220
Citation: YANG B Y, HUANG Z G, LIU N, et al. Numerical simulation analysis of the collision between ship side and small iceberg[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2021, 16(5): 78–86. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.02220

船舶舷侧与小型冰山碰撞数值模拟分析

Numerical simulation analysis of the collision between ship side and small iceberg

  • 摘要:
      目的  研究船舶舷侧结构与小型冰山的碰撞问题。
      方法  基于罚函数法和任意拉格朗日−欧拉(ALE)方法建立非线性有限元分析模型,针对某油船的船体双层舷侧结构与球形冰山的相互作用过程进行数值模拟,考虑船体结构的变形、海冰的破坏以及碰撞过程中的水动力作用,分析不同碰撞角度对碰撞速度、碰撞力以及结构能量吸收的影响。
      结果  结果表明:该数值模型可以较为充分地模拟舷侧结构与冰山的相互作用过程,在碰撞过程中,其碰撞力的峰值与碰撞角度及冰山是否破碎情况有关;碰撞力峰值随着碰撞角度的增大而增大,相对于其他角度的碰撞,在冰山的垂直碰撞情况下,流体对于冰山的速度有着较为明显的衰减作用;在舷侧各结构构件中,舷侧外板为碰撞过程中主要的吸能构件,且当冰山发生破碎时,因在破碎过程中会消耗能量,结构吸能会相对减少,故碰撞力的增幅会小于未破碎情况。
      结论  为保证极地航行船舶的安全,可以适当增加舷侧结构强度,并在遭遇冰山时避免大角度的碰撞。

     

    Abstract:
      Objectives  Collisions between a side structure of ship and a small iceberg are investigated.
      Methods  a nonlinear finite element model is established, involving the penalty function method and arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) algorithm. A numerical simulation of the interaction between the double-sided structure of a tanker and a spherical iceberg is conducted. The numerical model considers the structural deformation, iceberg damage and hydrodynamic effects during the collision process. The effects of collision angle on collision velocity, contact force and structural energy absorption are also analyzed.
      Results  The results show that the numerical model simulates the interaction between the structure on ship side and small iceberg in as much detail as possible. During the collision process, the peak value of the contact force is closely related to the collision angle and iceberg damage. The contact force increases with the collision angle. Compared to other collision angles, fluid has a significant effect on the iceberg's velocity decay in a normal contact case. Among the structural components of the side structure of tanker, the side shell appears to absorb the most energy. Besides, when the small iceberg is broken, the structural energy absorption decreases and the increasing degree is smaller than in unbroken cases due to the energy loss during the breaking process.
      Conclusions  To ensure the safety of polar ships, the strength of the side structure should be enhanced and a wide collision angle avoided when colliding with small icebergs.

     

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