2010 Vol. 5, No. 4
以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景,利用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对波状摆动式鱼类进行了数值模拟,建立波状摆动式鱼类的数值计算模型,研究不同变形参数对鱼类推进性能以及尾涡流场结构的影响。结果表明,随着波长的增加,鱼类能够获得更好的推进性能。通过对比不同频率下鱼类推进性能以及流场结构,探讨不同滑移率及斯特劳哈尔数对推进性能影响。
三体船在波浪中的横摇特性和优点是三体新船型研发的技术支撑,采用模型试验和理论分析相结合的方法,对三体船横摇运动特性进行探讨。开展三体船静水横摇、正横浪零速波浪横摇模型试验,得出三体船线性、非线性阻尼假设下的横摇阻尼、频率响应和周期。通过横摇响应曲线的分析和对比,得出三体船不同侧体位置下波浪中横摇附加惯量、阻尼和运动响应、周期特性,以及侧体位置对以上各横摇特性影响的规律。研究表明：三体船横摇阻尼远大于常规单体船,而横摇运动幅值响应远小于常规单体船;侧体的横位置对三体船横摇具有显著影响,侧体纵向位置对横摇影响很小。综合考虑运动响应和横摇周期,在不规则波中三体船的横摇比常规单体船缓和得多。
Effect of bubble energy load on plastic deformation of single-layer stiffened plate when subjected to non-contact explosive load was studied.The energy method principle was applied to calculate the plastic deformatio n taking into account the effect of bubble energy load.The results show a well agreement with the experimental results.Based on this,the relationship between the ratio of explosion distance to bubble radius and the rat io of deformation caused by bubble energy load accounting for the total deformations were analyzed.The results show that the plastic deformation by bubble energy load accounts for 1/4 total deformations of single-layer stiffened plate,which cannot be neglected in calculation practice.
基于结构声强法研究了加筋板结构振动能量的传输、分布和耗散特性。首先介绍结构声强分量的计算和声强可视化的相关理论,以及系统功率输入和输出的计算公式。在数值算例中,利用有限元法对3种常见的加筋板模型进行了简谐集中力作用下的响应计算,然后通过编制Matlab程序计算结构声强分量,并进行结构噪声源的定位,实现能量传输和衰减的可视化。同时针对不同的加筋形式对能量传递路径的影响也进行了讨论。研究了不同加筋板阻尼器能量耗散特性。最后以舰船平台板架为例揭示了结构声强技术在舰船振动设计中的应用价值。
The dynamic response of shipboard protective structure subjected to contact explosion load is one of the important issues in the anti-detonation and anti-shock design of ship.Considering various protective structural configurations of foreign surface ships,a numerical simulation was carried out on the shipboard protective structure with additional bulkhead based on a mono hull ship model,utilizing the finite element package ABAQUS commonly used for dynamic analysis,and the impacts of the shipboard protective structure on the anti-detonation and anti-shock performance were investigated.The comparison results and analysis showed that the anti-sho ck performance of outer plate of hull with additional protection was significantly improved,in which no crevasses were found other than a few of plastic deformations occurred in the structure.This design can fulfill th e protection requirement of the important inner spaces such as engine room from explosion loading,and it shows that the liquid-filled protective structure of double hull is the optimal configuration for anti-shock perf ormance.
陶瓷复合装甲具有优良的抗弹性能,合理设置复合靶板各层厚度有利于提高其抗弹性能。文章采用非线性动力学程序AUTODYN,模拟了直径为8mm的圆柱形破片对钢/陶瓷/铝复合靶板的侵彻过程,分析侵彻过程中靶板的破坏机理。通过一系列模拟,分析钢面板厚度、陶瓷层厚度以及铝背板厚度对复合靶板抗侵彻性能的影响,研究表明在面密度一定时,减小面板厚度,增加陶瓷和铝背板厚度对复合靶板的抗弹性能有明显提高。
针对有特殊声学要求的球鼻首导流罩,为满足其透声要求,提出错层式钛合金球鼻首导流罩的结构形式。首先提出了基本结构形式,分析了这种结构形式下连接结构的水密性、结构方案的经济性。运用有限元计算方法对结构强度进行了校核,并对声学性能进行了分析。研究表明：这一结构形式能够满足声呐特殊的工作要求,且结构设计可行。
双体船的连接桥结构强度是设计时需要重点考虑的问题,采用全船有限元法来分析计算要耗费大量的时间。将连接桥结构简化为一种梁模型,采用简化解析计算方法来分析其扭转强度和横向强度,并与实船的全船有限元法的对比分析结果表明：简化模型和计算方法是可行的,可应用于双体船初步设计阶段,估算连接桥的结构强度,指导结构设计。
The C-shape independent liquid cargo tank,the main liquid tank form of the small and medium LNG carrier,is a semi-chilled and semi-compressed container.Because of the low temperature around the liquid tank,which load s LNG and is supported by the saddle connected with hull structure,temperature gradient will be formed on the saddle and nearby hull structure.So it is necessary to analyze the temperature field about the saddle and ne arby hull structure so as to determine the material distribution.The thermal analysis method for the saddle of the C-shape independent liquid cargo tank and nearby hull structure is proposed.It is considered that the b earing of the cargo tank and the nearby hull structure is surrounded by the three mediums,low-temperature liquid cargo,seawater and air,and achieves heat balance by convective heat transfer between hull and the three m ediums and the heat conduction between hull and laminated wood.With the FEM software ANSYS,a simplified model for thermal analysis and the approach to applying convection load is given to determine the temperature fiel d layout of the saddle and nearby hull structure.Meanwhile,combining with the allowable design temperature of the materials,the suitable materials distribution is given,which can prevent the material from the low-tempe rature break.An instance is given which is a meaningful attempt to solving the problem of the material distribution for the bearing and nearby hull structure surrounded by the low temperature.
The component and architecture of CODOG power plant monitoring system were studied in this paper.For the power plant has a large amount of measure points and collected data,a new data storage method was introduced,wh ich ensures the safety and effectiveness for data storage,saves a great deal of storage space,and provides the basis for fault diagnosis and technical assessment of power plant.
为了降低船用柴油机排气噪声,并对废气进行冷却以降低红外辐射,实现红外隐身目的,要求在排气系统中安装排气冷却消声器。利用数值算法研究排气冷却消声器的气体流动特性、冷却效果、声学性能。首先利用有限体积法计算并分析了排气冷却消声器在冷却与不冷却时的空气动力性能,得到其阻力损失特性、冷却效果和温度场信息。在流体计算的基础上得到消声器温度场,然后采用声学有限元法计算并分析了排气冷却消声器在室温与高温冷却下的声学特性,将排气冷却消声器的左端共振腔体积减小,改变其共振频率从而改变消声器在低频时的声学性能。
根据U型管蒸汽发生器（UTSG）的工作原理和基本的质量、能量守恒方程,建立了一种UTSG简化的集总参数动态数学模型。采用模块化建模的思想,对UTSG进行了标准化封装,运用Matlab/Simulink仿真模块进行求解。结果表明：该简化模型能够较好地反映UTSG各主要参数的动态变化趋势,可与其它模型一起构成核动力二回路的实时仿真系统。
高压空气减压阀是舰船气动系统中的重要元件,通过建立高压空气减压阀的动态数学模型,利用Matlab软件进行仿真计算,对其动态性能进行分析和预测。仿真结果表明采用合适的结构减小阀口过流面积有助于高压空气减压阀的性能稳定。
There are four major factors affecting the shipboard equipment which subjected to battle damages under shock load of weapon attack.This paper established a three-dimensional model of ship hull and electrical system.U sing the Matlab software,a Monte-Carlo simulation of ship under multiple weapon attacks was carried out.Method for calculating the damage probability and damage level of various portion of electrical system was propose d taking into account the multiple damage factors.The damages to the warship electrical system were evaluated as the assessment weights were confirmed by Hierarchical Analysis Process.Suggestions were also provided for designing and protection of the electrical system
多传感器、多手段检测的信息融合技术在电机故障诊断中的应用日益广泛。提出了一种基于D-S证据理论和BP算法的故障诊断方法,给出了基于BP神经网络和D-S证据理论的多传感器数据融合技术的直流电机故障诊断方法,首先通过分析直流电机的故障机理,得到电机在不同故障情况下表现的信号特征,然后利用多源信息间的冗余性和互补性,有效提取故障特征信息。将该方法应用于某型船直流电机的故障诊断,结果表明,该算法提高了故障诊断的可靠性和灵敏度。
在简要论述舰船消磁系统控制原理,并综合介绍舰船消磁控制设备现状的基础上,分析了不同舰船适用的最佳消磁控制方式和消磁控制新技术的研究方向。认为潜艇和大型水面舰艇适合选用地磁解算方式,猎扫雷舰适合选用三分量传感器方式,中小型舰船既可选用混合式（可进行摇摆运动抗干扰调整）,也可单独选用地磁解算式。消磁控制设备应实现多信号融合、标准化、可扩展、可裁减和控制电源数量可设定等功能,重点加强分布式消磁系统、消磁系统智能监控和闭环消磁控制技术的研究。
