A review of warship man-machine-environment system engineering
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摘要: 舰船人-机-环系统工程是舰船总体设计中不可或缺的组成部分，其设计原则为安全、高效、舒适、愉悦。首先，总结舰船人-机-环系统的典型特征：长期航行条件下作业环境恶劣；任务复杂、种类多、人力需求量大，对人员协作程度要求高；人机界面信息繁多，舰员的脑力认知负荷高。然后，将舰船人-机-环系统工程的技术体系划分为人机协同、人环协同、人-机-环特征评价和人机工程仿真4个部分，按照舰船人-机-环系统工程的技术发展脉络，即在舰员人体基础特性研究、舰船人-机-环系统工程总体设计应用、舰船人-机-环标准和规范的制订等相互迭代优化的基础上，通过引入海军人力系统集成（HSI）专业工程实现全舰系统的最优化，分别阐述国内外的研究现状。最后，根据技术体系划分，对我国舰船人-机-环系统工程未来的发展趋势予以分析。Abstract: Warship Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering (MMESE) is an integral part of the overall design, and its design principles were proposed according to safety, efficiency, comfort and pleasure. The typical characteristics of MMESE are summarized. The operating environment is extremely terrible on long voyages. High level collaboration is required due to the complex task system and large manpower demand. Owing to the dense computer interface information, the mental cognitive burden on the crew is heavy. The MMESE technology system is divided into four parts:man-machine coordinated, man-environment coordinated, the evaluation of man-machine-environment characteristics and the ergonomic simulation. Based on the MMESE development venation in this paper, the overseas and domestic research statuses are expounded. Interactive optimization can be realized according to the following aspects:researching the basic human characteristics of the crew, applying this to the warship's overall design, and formulating relevant ergonomic standards and norms. Next, Human System Integration (HSI) professional engineering was introduced comprehensively into the marines in order to achieve an optimal system. On this basis, we completed the future development trend analysis. All these studies and results have some reference meaning for guiding the integrated optimization of warships as a whole, downsizing the manpower and improving efficiency.
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