宽轴比波束双频带北斗导航天线设计

邓卓林; 尹文禄; 杜奋; 李高升

doi:10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.03203

宽轴比波束双频带北斗导航天线设计

Design of double band Beidou navigation antenna with wide axial ratio beam

摘要

摘要:
目的为了有效拓宽北斗天线3 dB轴比波束宽度，提出一种加载寄生单元的开槽叠层微带贴片天线。
方法通过叠层基板结构实现北斗双频带特性，并通过开槽拓宽双频段带宽，在贴片边缘切角实现双频带圆极化；同时在贴片周围加载L形寄生单元来拓宽天线的3 dB轴比波束宽度。
结果实测和仿真结果吻合度较高，在北斗B1和B2频段的相对带宽为3%和7.5%；3 dB轴比波束宽度可达到180°和176°；增益最高可达6 dBi。在北斗接收机试验中，天线搜星数量能达到17颗以上，定位精度在米级以内。
结论所设计的双频带北斗导航天线具有宽轴比波束宽度和高定位精度，研究结果可为小型北斗导航天线的设计提供参考。

Abstract:
Objectives In order to effectively broaden the beam width of the 3 dB axis ratio of a Beidou antenna, this paper proposes a slotted laminated microstrip patch antenna loaded with parasitic elements.
Methods The Beidou dual frequency band feature is realized through a two-layer substrate structure. The bandwidth is widened by slotting. Circular polarized radiation is achieved by cutting corners at the edge of the patch. At the same time, L-shaped parasitic elements are loaded around the patch to broaden the 3 dB axial ratio beam width of the antenna.
Results The measured and simulated results are in good agreement. The relative bandwidths of the antenna in the Beidou B1 and B2 bands are 3% and 7.5%. The beam width of the 3 dB axis ratio can reach 180° and 176°, and the maximum gain can reach 6 dBi. In the Beidou receiver test, the number of antenna satellites can reach more than 17, and the positioning accuracy is within meters.
Conclusions This paper proposes and validates a high-precision positioning dual band Beidou navigation antenna with wide axis ratio beam width. The results can provide references for the design of small Beidou navigation antennas.

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