Analysis of impact damage characteristics of marine carbon fiber composite laminates embedded with PEI film
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摘要:
目的 在传统船用碳纤维复合材料层合板层间添加热塑性相材料能有效提升船用复合材料的抗冲击性能，为探究其冲击损伤特性，开展实验研究。 方法 使用光学显微镜观察层合板的热塑性/热固性界面，分析两相材料的结合方式；对不同结构的复合材料层合板进行低、中、高3种不同能量的低速冲击；通过超声C扫描与电子显微镜，对各试件的损伤形貌进行观测，以研究各试件的冲击响应及损伤机理。 结果 结果显示，相较于碳纤维层合板，含热塑性相的船用复合材料层合板具有更好的损伤阻抗；内部嵌膜层合板试件在冲击能量为8和12 J的冲击下，内部分层损伤分别减少了19%和39%，且受到12 J冲击后，内部结构损伤较小，完整性较好。 结论 将PEI热塑性膜嵌于内部能提升层合板的韧性，显著减少内部分层损伤，明显提升内部嵌膜层合板的抗冲击性能。 Abstract:Objectives The addition of thermoplastic phase materials between the layers of traditional marine composite laminates can effectively improve the impact resistance properties of marine composites. This study carries out experiments to explore the impact damage characteristics of such materials. Methods The thermoplastic/thermoset interface of laminates is observed with an optical microscope, and the bonding mode of the two-phase materials is analyzed. Composite laminates with different structures are impacted at low velocity with three different energies. The damage morphology of each specimen is observed via ultrasonic C-scan and electron microscopy to obtain the impact response and damage mechanism of each specimen. Results The results show that marine composite laminates embedded with PEI film have better damage resistance than carbon fiber laminates. Under 8 J and 12 J of impact energy , the delamination damage is reduced by 19% and 39% respectively, and they showed better integrity after 12 J impact. Conclusions Embedding PEI thermoplastic film inside laminates can improve their toughness and significantly reduce internal delamination damage. Compared with carbon fiber laminates and double-sided coated laminates, PEI thermoplastic film can significantly improve the impact resistance of internal film embedded laminates. -
Key words:
- composite laminates /
- impact resistance /
- low-velocity impact /
- interlaminar toughness
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图 1 热压成型工艺所需压力及温度条件
Figure 1. Pressure and temperature conditions required by hot pressing process
图 7 SEM损伤形貌观测 （12 J冲击能量）
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of SEM damage morphology observation under 12 J of impact energy
图 8 C1～C3工况下各试件的冲击力时间曲线
Figure 8. Impact force versus time curves of each test specimen under C1–C3 working conditions
图 9 C1～C3工况下各试件层合板变形对比柱状图
Figure 9. Comparison of histogram for deformation of each laminate test specimen under C1–C3 working conditions
表 1 各试件参数
Table 1. Parameters of each specimen
添加类型 铺层方案 厚度/mm 重量/g 未添加薄膜 (02/902)2s 1.98 27.5 内部嵌膜 (02/902)PEI(02/902)PEI(902/02)PEI(902/02) 2.52 33.0 双面覆膜 PEI (02/902)2PEI(902/02)2PEI 2.52 33.1 
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表 2 落锤冲击试验工况
Table 2. Drop hammer impact test conditions
工况编号 锤头质量/kg 速度/(m·s−1) 冲击能量/J C1 (低) 5.6 1.20 4 C2 (中) 5.6 1.70 8 C3 (高) 5.6 2.09 12
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