推进轴系纵向振动负刚度动力吸振器试验研究

黄修长; 苏智伟; 郑智伟; 华宏星

doi:10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.02559

推进轴系纵向振动负刚度动力吸振器试验研究

doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.02559

黄修长^{1, 2, ,},
苏智伟^{1, 2,},
郑智伟^{1, 2,},
华宏星^{1, 2,}

1.
上海交通大学振动、冲击、噪声研究所，上海 200240
2.
上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室，上海 200240

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51875336）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄修长，男，1983年生，博士，研究员。研究方向：振动噪声分析与控制。E-mail：xchhuang@sjtu.edu.cn

苏智伟，男，1993年生，博士生。研究方向：振动分析与控制。E-mail：zhiwei_su@sjtu.edu.cn

郑智伟，男，1996年生，博士生。研究方向：振动分析与控制。E-mail：liangzijiuchan@sjtu.edu.cn

华宏星，男，1955年生，博士，教授。研究方向：振动冲击噪声分析与控制。E-mail：hhx@sjtu.edu.cn

通信作者:
黄修长

中图分类号: U664.21；U661.44
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-21
- 修回日期: 2021-12-26
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-28

Experimental research on dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness for longitudinal vibration control of propulsion shafting system

HUANG Xiuchang^{1, 2
, ,},
SU Zhiwei^{1, 2
,},
ZHENG Zhiwei^{1, 2
,},
HUA Hongxing^{1, 2
,}

1.
Institute of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

推进轴系纵向振动负刚度动力吸振器试验研究由黄修长，等创作，采用知识共享署名4.0国际许可协议进行许可。

摘要

摘要: 目的针对推进轴系一阶纵向振动控制难题，采用碟簧负刚度动力吸振器进行振动控制并进行试验验证。方法建立推进轴系纵向振动负刚度动力吸振器试验台架，根据所需控制的轴系一阶纵振模态，设计并研制负刚度动力吸振推力轴承，然后开展不同转速、不同静推力、不同负刚度下的振动传递试验，从而获得推力轴承基座和轴系上的振动加速度响应数据。结果结果显示，所研制的负刚度动力吸振推力轴承能以1.6%的吸振器质量使轴承座上一阶纵振轴系的振动响应下降7.8 dB；在轴系固有频率变化5%、静推力变化40%的情况下，负刚度动力吸振器仍能保证3.3 dB的控制效果；在非最优负刚度下，不会恶化轴系和轴承座的振动响应。结论研究表明负刚度动力吸振可有效抑制不同转速下轴系一阶纵振处的振动传递。
- 推进轴系 /
- 轴系振动 /
- 负刚度动力吸振器 /
- 一阶纵向振动模态
Abstract: Objectives In order to control the first longitudinal vibration mode of propulsion shafting systems, a dynamic vibration absorber with disc spring negative stiffness is proposed and its experimental verification carried out. Methods A test bench is established for the propulsion shafting system containing a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness. According to the first longitudinal vibration mode of the shafting, a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness integrated into the thrust bearing is developed. Vibration transmission tests under different rotational speeds, static thrusts and negative stiffness are then carried out, and acceleration response data on the thrust bearing foundation and shafting is obtained. Results The results show that the developed dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness can achieve vibration suppression of 7.8 dB for the thrust bearing foundation in the first longitudinal mode of the propulsion shafting with a mass ratio of 1.6%, and the vibration control effect of the negative stiffness dynamic vibration absorber is maintained at 3.3 dB when the natural frequency changes by 5% and the thrust changes by 40%. The vibration response on the thrust bearing foundation and shafting do not deteriorate even at non-optimal negative stiffness. Conclusions This study shows that a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness can effectively suppress vibration transmission at the first longitudinal mode of a shafting under different rotational speeds.
- marine propulsion shafting system /
- shafting vibration /
- dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness /
- first longitudinal vibration mode

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图 1 试验系统、试验原理及振动加速度响应测点示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of test system, test principle and vibration acceleration response measuring point

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图 2 碟簧的载荷−位移曲线和刚度−位移曲线

Figure 2. Load-displacement curve and stiffness-displacement curve for the disc spring

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图 3 不同转速、不同静推力、不同负刚度下推力轴承座上的纵向振动传递函数

Figure 3. Longitudinal vibration transfer function of the thrust bearing foundation at different rotational speeds, different thrusts, and different negative stiffness

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图 4 不同转速、不同静推力、不同负刚度下推力轴上的纵向振动传递函数

Figure 4. Longitudinal vibration transfer function of the propeller shaft at different rotational speeds, different thrusts, and different negative stiffness

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表 1 试验台架参数

Table 1. Parameters for the test bench

轴系旋转质量/kg	200 r/min推力轴承刚度/(N·m⁻¹)	负刚度动力吸振器				质量比/%
轴系旋转质量/kg	200 r/min推力轴承刚度/(N·m⁻¹)	质量/kg	阻尼比	刚度/(N·m⁻¹)	最优负刚度/(N·m⁻¹)	质量比/%
260	2.65×10⁸	4.2	≈ 0.26	1.21×10⁷	−1.08×10⁷	1.6

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