Calculation of marine propeller static strength based on coupled BEM/FEM
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摘要:
目的 螺旋桨强度的可靠性与船舶安全航行直接相关。为了快速且准确地计算螺旋桨强度， 方法 将边界元（BEM）和有限元法（FEM）耦合开发螺旋桨强度预报程序。运用低阶边界元法程序对螺旋桨进行水动力性能计算，并使用普朗特—许力汀平板摩擦阻力公式进行粘性修正，然后将计算得到的桨叶表面压力和粘性修正力作为有限元法结构计算的面力输入。针对螺旋桨结构形状的特殊性，发展实体螺旋桨有限元结构单元的自动划分方法，运用有限元结构计算方程计算出螺旋桨在表面压力和体积力作用下的应力与位移分布。以DTRC 4119模型桨为例，对提出的方法进行收敛性和网格无关性分析，并与文献的有限元软件计算结果进行比较，以验证其有效性。 结果 计算结果表明，提出的方法能够准确计算螺旋桨的应力和位移分布。 结论 该方法避免了人工建模及有限元网格划分的过程，具有实施程序简便、计算效率高等优点，可嵌入到螺旋桨的理论设计和优化设计过程中，形成快速计算螺旋桨强度的能力，提高螺旋桨设计的效率。 Abstract:Objectives The reliability of propeller stress has a great influence on the safe navigation of a ship. To predict propeller stress quickly and accurately, Methods a new numerical prediction model is developed by coupling the Boundary Element Method(BEM)with the Finite Element Method (FEM). The low order BEM is used to calculate the hydrodynamic load on the blades, and the Prandtl-Schlichting plate friction resistance formula is used to calculate the viscous load. Next, the calculated hydrodynamic load and viscous correction load are transmitted to the calculation of the Finite Element as surface loads. Considering the particularity of propeller geometry, a continuous contact detection algorithm is developed; an automatic method for generating the finite element mesh is developed for the propeller blade; a code based on the FEM is compiled for predicting blade stress and deformation; the DTRC 4119 propeller model is applied to validate the reliability of the method; and mesh independence is confirmed by comparing the calculated results with different sizes and types of mesh. Results The results show that the calculated blade stress and displacement distribution are reliable. This method avoids the process of artificial modeling and finite element mesh generation, and has the advantages of simple program implementation and high calculation efficiency. Conclusions The code can be embedded into the code of theoretical and optimized propeller designs, thereby helping to ensure the strength of designed propellers and improve the efficiency of propeller design. -
图 5 螺旋桨的流—固耦合求解过程
Figure 5. Calculation process of fluid-solid interaction for propeller
图 6 弦向和展向不同网格数时计算得到的桨叶应力分布
Figure 6. Equivalent stress distributions of blade with different chord-wise and span-wise mesh numbers
图 7 弦向和展向不同网格数时计算得到的桨叶位移分布
Figure 7. Displacement distributions of blade with different chord-wise and span-wise mesh numbers
图 8 网格收敛性分析
Figure 8. Convergence process with different chord-wise and span-wise mesh numbers
图 9 厚度方向不同网格数计算的桨叶应力分布
Figure 9. Equivalent stress distributions of blade with different mesh numbers in thickness direction
图 10 厚度方向不同网格数计算的桨叶位移分布
Figure 10. Displacement distributions of blade with different mesh numbers in thickness direction
图 11 厚度方向网格收敛性分析
Figure 11. Convergence process with different mesh numbers in thickness direction
图 14 悬臂梁法预报的DTRC 4119模型桨桨叶应力分布
Figure 14. Stress distributions of DTRC 4119 blade predicted by the cantilever beam method
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