大型LNG船发电机室的燃气管线泄漏分析

岑卓伦; 刘涛; 王磊; 窦旭

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-3185.2017.05.014

大型LNG船发电机室的燃气管线泄漏分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3185.2017.05.014

沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司开发所, 上海 200129

详细信息

作者简介:
刘涛, 男, 1983年生, 博士, 高级工程师

通信作者:
岑卓伦(通信作者), 男, 1988年生, 硕士, 工程师

中图分类号: U664.14
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- 文章访问数: 130
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- PDF下载量: 97
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-14
- 网络出版日期: 2017-09-26
- 刊出日期: 2017-10-01

Leakage analysis of fuel gas pipe in large LNG carrier engine room

R & D Dept., Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding(Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200129, China

摘要

摘要: 目的目前，由双燃料发动机组成的电力推进系统是大型液化天然气（LNG）船的主流推进方式，必须对爆炸性可燃气体进行安全可靠性的定性、定量评估，以规避潜在风险。方法以某双燃料电力推进大型LNG船发电机室为研究对象，对其内部不同区域的燃气（天然气）泄漏工况进行模拟分析。根据泄漏发生的形式、位置和速率等定义危险泄漏工况，选择雷诺应力模型为湍流模型，采用计算流体力学（CFD）软件Fluent对发电机室燃气供应管线的5个泄漏点进行持续泄漏模拟计算，并将泄漏扩散结果与舱室通风的流场速度分布相结合，得到不同区域发生泄漏后的天然气扩散趋势和浓度分布。结果根据仿真模拟结果优化了可燃气体探测器布置方案，并明确了排气风机无需进行防爆设计。结论研究结果可为有限空间内通风条件下的可燃气体泄漏事故分析防范提供参考，并且适用于燃烧爆炸破坏的定量评估，用以指导结构强度设计。
- 液化天然气 /
- 管道泄漏 /
- 计算流体力学 /
- 定量风险评估
Abstract: Objectives The electric propulsion dual-fuel engine is becoming dominant in newly built Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG)carriers. To avoid the potential risks that accompany the use of flammable and explosive boil-off gas, the performance of precise safety and reliability assessments is indispensable. Methods This research concerns the engine rooms of large LNG carriers which are propelled electrically by a dual-fuel engine. Possible fuel gas(natural gas)leak cases in different areas of the engine room are simulated and analyzed. Five representative leak cases defined by leak form, leak location and leak rate are entered into a Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulation, in which the Reynolds stress model of Fluent software is adopted as the turbulence model. The results of the leaked gas distribution and ventilation velocity field are analyzed in combination to obtain the diffusion tendency and concentration distribution of leaked gas in different areas. Results Based on an analysis of the results, an optimized arrangement of flammable gas detectors is provided for the engine room, and the adoption of an explosion-proof exhaust fan is proven to be unnecessary. Conclusions These analysis methods can provide a reference for similar gas leakage scenarios occurring in confined ventilated spaces. In addition, the simulation results can be used to quantitatively assess potential fire or explosion damage in order to guide the design of structural reinforcements.
- Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) /
- pipe leakage /
- Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) /
- quantitative risk assessment

HTML全文

图 1 供气系统原理图

Figure 1. Fuel-gas supply system diagram

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图 2 发电机室内可燃气体探测器的传统布置

Figure 2. Traditional arrangement of flammable gas detectors for engine room

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图 3 发电机室的三维模型

Figure 3. Three-dimensional model of engine room

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图 4 燃气供应管线区域划分图

Figure 4. Divided partitions of fuel-gas supply pipeline in engine room

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图 5 CFD几何模型

Figure 5. Geometry built for CFD analysis

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图 6 网格划分示例

Figure 6. An example of meshing

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图 7 泄漏点位置

Figure 7. Locations of leak points

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图 8 z=8 m截面在不同时刻的速度矢量分布图

Figure 8. Velocity vectors in z=8 m section at different times

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图 9 z=8 m截面内主体流动趋势图（t=91.3 s）

Figure 9. Main flow tendency in z=8 m section at t=91.3 s

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图 10 1号泄漏点发生连续泄漏后发电机室不同时刻的天然气摩尔浓度分布图

Figure 10. Distributions of natural gas mole concentration in engine room at different times for the continuous leak of Case 1

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图 11 2号泄漏点发生连续泄漏后发电机室不同时刻的天然气摩尔浓度分布图

Figure 11. Distributions of natural gas mole concentration in engine room at different times for the continuous leak of Case 2

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图 12 3号泄漏点发生连续泄漏后发电机室不同时刻的天然气摩尔浓度分布图

Figure 12. Distributions of natural gas mole concentration in engine room at different times for the continuous leak of Case 3

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图 13 4号泄漏点发生连续泄漏后发电机室不同时刻的天然气摩尔浓度分布图

Figure 13. Distributions of natural gas mole concentration in engine room at different times for the continuous leak of Case 4

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图 14 5号泄漏点发生连续泄漏后发电机室不同时刻的天然气摩尔浓度分布图

Figure 14. Distributions of natural gas mole concentration in engine room at different times for the continuous leak of Case 5

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图 15 可燃气体探测器布置图

Figure 15. Arrangement of flammable gas detectors

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表 1 泄漏工况定义

Table 1. Definition of leak cases

工况	泄露点尺寸/ mm	出口流速/（m·s^-1）	泄漏形式	泄漏点位置
Case 1	20×20	66.29	持续泄漏	8L发动机软管连接处
Case 2	20×20	66.29	持续泄漏	8L发动机顶部燃气管末端
Case 3	20×20	66.29	持续泄漏	12V发动机软管连接处
Case 4	20×20	66.29	持续泄漏	12V发动机顶部燃气管末端
Case 5	20×20	66.29	持续泄漏	12V发动机顶部燃气管中间段

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